after a recent kernel update (presumably automatic via unattended-upgrades), cuda functionality on my server ceased functioning. the primary symptom was the following error when running nvidia-smi:

NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn‘t communicate with the NVIDIA driver ...

this indicates a mismatch between the installed nvidia driver and the current kernel version. the solution involves using dkms (Dynamic Kernel Module Support) to rebuild the nvidia driver against the new kernel.

frp is a fantastic tool for intranet penetration, but managing it effectively can be a challenge. systemd provides a robust and elegant solution for automating frp’s startup and ensuring its resilience. this post will guide you through creating a best-practice systemd unit file for frp, focusing on clarity, efficiency, and robustness.

here’s the optimized unit file:

[Unit]
Description=frp server
Requires=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/frpc -c /path/to/your/frpc.ini
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

let’s break down the key components:

Today I customized my Firefox browser, and I want to record the process here. the result is quite satisfying.